Old Sailing Ships

Introduction

Some famous sailing ships and the captains

Ships

• 

  Knarr. Viking ship.

• 

  Viking long ship (snekkar).

• 

  Hoy/ Carrack. Santa Maria. Columbus.

• 

  Magellan's ship Victoria. Carrack.

• 

  Caravel.

• 

  Caravel pinta (Columbus).

• 

  Cog

• 

  Hoy

• 

  HMS Beagle. Darwin. Brig Sloop.

• 

  HMS Endeavour; Captain james Cook. Bark

• 

  Brigantine

• 

  Snow.

• Mediaval. See the Wikipedia page for more information https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_ships
• Large sailing ships: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_large_sailing_vessels
• Types of Sail plans: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail_plan#Types_of_sail_plans
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rig_(sailing)

Kog or Cog.

• 10th century, and was widely used from around the 12th century on.
• a single mast and a single square sail

Knarr * viking ship

• was a cargo ship

Longship

• Scandinavian warship
• graceful, long, narrow, and light, with a shallow-draft
• Later versions had a rectangular sail on a single mast

Caravel

• a small maneuverable sailing ship
• used both lateen and square sails
• Columbus: Pinta and Niña.

Hoy

• a small sloop-rigged coasting ship or a heavy barge used for freight, usually with a burthen of about 60 tons
• Columbus: Santa Maria (17.7 m long; Hoy or Carrack)

Picard

Hulk

• mostly for transports
• a river or canal boat
• a single mast at the amidship that was commonly depicted with a square sail

Carrack

• a three- or four-masted ocean-going
• Columbus: Santa Maria (17.7 m long; Hoy or Carrack)
• Magellan: Victoria

Galley

• for warfare, trade, and piracy mostly in the seas surrounding Europe.
• a long, slender hull, shallow draft
• Most types of galleys also had sails that could be used in favourable winds, but they relied primarily on oars to move independently of winds and currents.

Balinger

• lack of a forecastle, and by carrying either a square sail, or a sail extended on a sprit on a single mast.

Birlinn

Brig

• Two masts which are both square-rigged.

Brig sloop

• HMS Beagle, Darwin.

Bark

• James Cook. HMS Endeavour.

Brigantine

• a two-masted sailing vessel with a fully square-rigged foremast and at least two sails on the main mast: a square topsail and a gaff sail mainsail (behind the mast). The main mast is the second and taller of the two masts.

Sloop

• Dutch: Sloep, Old English slūpan
• Single mast

Snow

• a square-rigged vessel with two masts, complemented by a snow- or trysail-mast stepped immediately abaft (behind) the main mast.

Captains or leaders

Prince Henry the Navigator

4 March 1394 – 13 November 1460.

Vasco da Gama

1460s – 24 December 1524.

Ship: São Gabriel was a carrack (a three- or four-masted)