Diy Spectroscope

Introduction

Spectroscope. Spectrometer is the machine to give the readings.

Spectroscope can be made using

Diffraction grating; eg. CD or DVD disk, or
- Natural gratings: Striated muscle, peacock feathers, mother-of-pearl, and butterfly wings. Some invertebrate animals, like the peacock spiders, the antennae of seed shrimp, and Burgess Shale fossils
- Iridescence in birds, fish and insects is often caused by thin-film interference
Prism

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Theory

Interference.

Spectral lines

See:

Diffraction

Prism

DIY

Below is collection of some tutorials.

CD (and DVD) consists of two layers that will split apart when cutting the disk. We will discard the reflective part (the one with the silver coating).

DVD: Cut out a section of the DVD and then carefully peel it into two pieces. Use the clear piece.

Two different models:

Look-through
- Square diffraction grating
Use the reflection: Put the CD with the shiny side facing upward into the slit.

Both will have the slit where the light source enters the spectroscope. If this slit is too large, it can affect the clarity of the spectrum.

Use two razorblades to make the slit, and put one sheet of paper in between the blades to get correct spacing, or approximately five layers of tape between the blades will space them correctly.
the concentric grooves along the disk are lined up such that they are parallel to the slit. Otherwise, no diffraction.

CD and DVD and a paper tube. Paint black.

Remove the reflective layer form the cd using tape. Make sure the lines of the cd are parallel to de slit on top of the roll. Look thought the cd. https://www.instructables.com/DIY-Spectroscope/
https://littlebinsforlittlehands.com/diy-spectroscope/
The viewing hole doesn’t need to be too big as we want to avoid outside light from getting into this hole. https://www.moonbow.world/homemade-spectroscope/
twist the slit around until the rainbow is as tall or large as you can make it. When it is as tall and large as possible, tape it in place. https://www.acs.org/education/celebrating-chemistry-editions/2024-ncw/diy-spectroscope.html

Diffraction grating

Point the thin slit at a light source (light bulb, lamp, etc.) and look through the transparent diffraction grating. You will see light diffracted on the right and left sides. https://www.instructables.com/A-Simple-Spectroscope/

References

https://hackaday.io/project/181144-raspberry-pi-spectrometer

Raspberry Pi Spectrometer

https://mpr-projects.com/index.php/2024/05/23/building-a-diy-spectroscope-video/

Use "an analogue pocket spectroscope".

https://www.instructables.com/DIY-Low-Cost-Spectrometer/

Good stuff.
Slit, CD grating etc.
Adjust the position of the webcam till the diffraction spectrum is positioned in the center of the image.

https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/cd-spectroscope

https://edu.rsc.org/feature/build-your-own-spectrophotometer/2020107.article

Nice! spectrophotometer

https://www.cloudynights.com/topic/751583-my-3d-printed-diy-spectrograph/

a 1000 l/mm diffraction grating slide (5$ on ebay)
an old SLR 50mm f/2.0 lens by Ricoh as the collimator lens, a C-mount zoom f1.2 Computar lens as the camera lens, and a cheap B&W C-mount astrocamera ToupTek.

https://github.com/mpr-projects/DIY-Spectroscope

Code for spectrometer

https://physicsopenlab.org/2021/12/31/17034/

DIY Raman system, based on a 532 nm DPSS laser and a B&W Tek surplus spectrometer

https://www.amnh.org/content/download/45894/703630/file/building-a-spectroscope.pdf

Good template
Sun safe?
Razor blades

https://www.instructables.com/DIY-spectroscope-under-1/

Cutting the cd. . .

https://astro3d.org.au/education-and-outreach/diy-smartphone-spectroscope/

Smartphone

https://hackteria.org/wiki/DIY_spectroscopy

https://www.gaudi.ch/GaudiLabs/?page_id=825
3d printed, stl files at https://www.gaudi.ch/GaudiLabs/?page_id=995
Good and detailed portal.

https://www.instructables.com/Arduino-Spectroscope-With-TSL1401-and-Display/

Arduino spectrometer!
Lenses to produce parallel beams (colliminator)
Correct angles.
To get the spectrum sharp, put a small line of black tape in the middle of the entrance slit
https://www.youtube.com/@stoppi/videos

https://www.instructables.com/A-Homemade-Webcam-spectrometer-for-Emission-and-Ab/

Lenses
1000 lines/mm.
Software: https://www.theremino.com/de/downloads/automation or https://imagej.net/ij/download.html
Absorption spectra: chlorophyll and a color-filter from Rosco

https://cei.washington.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/DIY_Spectroscope_Overview-Florence-Dou.pdf

60 degree angle
hold the spectroscope at different angles to change the amount of light that enters into it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW4aMOSVv_8

Build your own spectroscope (kids crafting activity) | Cambridge Festival 2021
CD and DVD

https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/stella/

Buy it.

https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/813333/Furia_Manuel.pdf?sequence=2

Bachelor Thesis. Large.
37 degree: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.13242 (Gatkine, Pradip; Zimerman, Gregorio; Warner, Elizabeth. A Do-it-yourself Spectrograph Kit for Educational Outreach in Optics and Photonics. September 2018, p. 27.)
- Zeroth order / First order.
- An adjustable slit-width: show the effect of slit-width on the coherence

of the light beam and the spectral resolution

https://portia.astrophysik.uni-kiel.de/%7Ekoeppen/spectro/slitlesse.html

Spectrum and the order.
the sunlight falls on at a very oblique angle; the CDR is nearly parallel to the Sun's light rays.
Change the distance of the eye to the DVD. Far (~40 cm): the spectrum in a narrow band across the face of the disk. Closer (a few centimetres): the spectrum fills almost the entire disk (right image).

https://www.instructables.com/A-simple-DIY-spectrophotometer/