Raspberry Pi Camera: Difference between revisions
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
* <code>-r</code> | * <code>-r</code> | ||
* --encoding png | * --encoding png | ||
* <code>-n 1</code> | |||
* <code> --width 4056 --height 3040 </code> | |||
* <code>-o path/to/file.jpg</code> | * <code>-o path/to/file.jpg</code> | ||
* <code>--gain 1 --awbgains 1,1 --immediate</code> Automatic Exposure/Gain Control (AEC/AGC) and Auto White Balance (AWB). Skip the preview phase entirely with the immediate option | * <code>--gain 1 --awbgains 1,1 --immediate</code> Automatic Exposure/Gain Control (AEC/AGC) and Auto White Balance (AWB). Skip the preview phase entirely with the immediate option | ||
=== White Balance === | |||
<code>libcamera-still --awb custom --awbgains 0.9,2.0 </code> | |||
In <code>--awbgains 0.9,2.0</code>, we have <code>--awbgains red,blue</code> | |||
* 0.9 is the gain for the red channel and | |||
* 2.0 is the gain for the blue channel. | |||
In other words, if your image is: | |||
* too red -> decrease the first number | |||
* too blue -> decrease the second number | |||
* too yellow -> increase the second number (blue) | |||
* too green -> increase both numbers | |||
* too pink -> | |||
== RPi camera rev 1.3 == | == RPi camera rev 1.3 == | ||
Latest revision as of 17:16, 19 March 2025
Introduction
- https://magazines-attachments.raspberrypi.org/books/full_pdfs/000/000/036/original/Camera-Guide.pdf?1590756684
- https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/raspberry-pi-camera-guide.pdf
- https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/camera_software.html
Rpicam is based on libcamera
rpicam-still
To a raw jpeg file
rpicam-still -r -o path/to/file.jpg
Some settings:
--timeout 0--shutter 100000takes a 100 sec photo-r- --encoding png
-n 1--width 4056 --height 3040-o path/to/file.jpg--gain 1 --awbgains 1,1 --immediateAutomatic Exposure/Gain Control (AEC/AGC) and Auto White Balance (AWB). Skip the preview phase entirely with the immediate option
White Balance
libcamera-still --awb custom --awbgains 0.9,2.0
In --awbgains 0.9,2.0, we have --awbgains red,blue
- 0.9 is the gain for the red channel and
- 2.0 is the gain for the blue channel.
In other words, if your image is:
- too red -> decrease the first number
- too blue -> decrease the second number
- too yellow -> increase the second number (blue)
- too green -> increase both numbers
- too pink ->
RPi camera rev 1.3
- https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/81964/calculating-focal-length-of-raspberry-pi-camera
- https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/camera-module-3-schematics.pdf
Focal Length 3.60 mm.
The v1 camera is based on the Omnivision OV5647.
RPi Cam ver 2
Specs =
- Size ~ 25 × 24 × 9 mm
- 8 MP, 1080p47, 1640 × 1232p41 and 640 × 480p206 / 3280 × 2464 pixels
- Sony IMX219
- Sensor area: 3.68 × 2.76 mm (4.6 mm diagonal); Pixel size 1.12 µm × 1.12 µm
- Depth of field: Approx 10 cm to ∞
- f = 3.04 mm
- H Fov 62.2 deg, v Fov 48.8
Fixed focus module. Adding a +2D lens allows you to focus at about 25cm from the “target”. https://raspi.tv/2013/adapt-your-raspberry-pi-camera-for-close-up-use
Drawings with measures: https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/camera-module-2-mechanical-drawing.pdf
M12 lenses recommendation: https://www.gaojiaoptotech.com
Macro photos with V2
A V2 camera and screw out the lens until it focuses at 10cm.
M12 lenses
With any M12 mount, you do have to remove the tiny factory-stock lens from the sensor block first.
Hold https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3347061
Focusing options
Before using these tools, you should take a hobby knife and carefully remove the glue locations so that the lens will rotate freely. You don't need to remove the glue at all: a slight twist of the tool, and the glue gives way with a little snap sound.
Tools for changing the lens (to change the focus distance):
- Key for adjusting lens of RaspiCam V2.1 https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1941802
- A simple wrench to loosen the screw lens without damaging the plastic. Use some pliers to hold the camera unit steady so that it doesn't come off the base. https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1570865
- Focus ring to manual focusing https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:211641
- Objective adapter (microscope objective lens (reversed)) https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1565909
Spectroscope
https://github.com/leswright1977/PySpectrometer2?tab=readme-ov-file
- A CCTV Lens with Zoom (M12 Thread) (Search eBay for F1.6 zoom lens)
HQ Cameras
a
b
Microscopes
Some microscopes
- Pimoroni Lens
- MicroscoPy IBM + LEGO: https://github.com/IBM/MicroscoPy https://spectrum.ieee.org/build-a-sophisticated-microscope-using-lego-3d-printing-arduinos-and-a-raspberry-pi
- M4ALL Open source https://github.com/NanoBioPhotonics-Strathclyde/M4All
- Picroscope https://www.instructables.com/Picroscope-a-Low-Cost-Interactive-Microscope/
- MicroscpPi https://microscopiproject.wordpress.com/
- Soldering microscope https://www.instructables.com/Raspberry-Pi-Zero-HDMIWiFi-Soldering-Microscope/
- OpenFlexture https://openflexure.org/projects/microscope/ https://openflexure.org/
- gjcroft's https://github.com/gjcroft/microscope
- PiAutoStage to move https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/piautostage-a-universally-adaptable-microscope-stage/
- Pi4 Microscope https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pi4_Microscope_Kit
- Pi Microscope https://hackaday.io/project/167996-pi-microscope#menu-description
- Core Electronics Microscope https://core-electronics.com.au/projects/raspberry-pi-microscope/
- RPiScope https://www.instructables.com/ARPM-Another-raspberry-pi-microscope-made-from-Ple/
- Microscope-PiCam https://github.com/henkrijneveld/Microscope-PiCam
- pi-macroscope https://github.com/leoscholl/pi-macroscope
Macro photography
Reproduction ratio: The ratio of the subject size on the sensor plane to the actual subject size.
- Auxialiary close-up lens.
- Extension to get it closer
- Wide-angle lens used as a reversed lens in front of a macro lens https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=276084
